National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

Triglycine sulphate (TGS) is a crystal having a typical second order ferroelectric transition and the Curie point around 49 degrees C. It is quite easy to grow and to analyse its properties. Our TGS crystals were grown by slow solvent evaporation in paraelectric phase, around 54 degrees C, where no mechanical tensions due to ferroelectric domains were present. Dielectric properies of TGS crystals were continuously measured at a pace of 0.6 degrees C/min, starting from 65 degrees C, crossing down the Curie point until zero Celsius, on the frequency range 1 divided by 10(7) Hz. The two component of permittivity were measured and the parameters vs. temperature were estimated and analysed.

Dielectric materials (HfO2, A1(2)O(3), SiO2 and Ta2O5) processed as thin films have been studied extensively for applications in microelectronics, biology, medicine, etc. In the last decade, antireflection coatings based on these types of materials have received considerable attention for applications in the field of high power laser optics. In this paper we report on multi-layers from materials with low and high refractive indices deposited on quartz substrates by laser ablation. Damage tests performed with a Ti-Sapphire laser (775 nm wavelength, 220 fs pulse duration) evidenced higher threshold values for hafnia based heterostructures than for the others heterostructures.

The present study shows the results obtained in anodic electrodeposition of hematite precursor films in agarose gel template and photoelectrochemical characterization of the prepared hematite films. The peak current in cyclic voltammetry increases after each scan of the potential between -0.1 and 1.3 V for FTO electrode covered with a film of agarose gel in 0.1 M iron sulfate solution. The hematite samples with different thicknesses were prepared using template electrodeposition and annealing in air. The obtained nanostructured films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that a synergistic improvement of photocurrent density (1.14 mAcm(-2) at 1.23 V vs RHE) is induced by Sn-doping and slight surface modification of hematite with thin and discontinuous NiO film. The results indicate that thicker hematite films and hematite films strongly modified with NiO nanostructures show a reduced photoactivity. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Un-doped and doped strontium aluminates (Sr3Al2O6, Sr3Al2O6:Tb3+, Sr3Al2O6:Tb3+,Eu3+ and Sr3Al2O6:Tb3+,Eu3+/Eu2+) were synthesized through a soft chemical method - the tartarate precursor route. The tartarate precursors were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermal analysis. The strontium aluminates were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). The XRD patterns confirmed the formation of single-phase cubic structure Sr3Al2O6 with average crystallite size of 18 nm. SEM micrographs showed porous polycrystalline powder microstructures and EDX analysis confirmed the incorporation of the dopant in the Sr3Al2O6 powders. The photoluminescence spectrum recorded on Sr3Al2O6: Tb3+,Eu3+ (obtained from tartarate precursor calcined in air) showed the typical f-f luminescences of the RE-ions. Subsequent calcination of this sample in reducing atmosphere is accompanied by new photoluminescence and thermoluminescence features associated to the Eu2+ ions.

This paper reports on the aging of carbon nanowalls (CNW) and modification of their wettability by the storage time, growth conditions, and post-fabrication plasma treatments. The as-deposited CNW initially exhibit marked hydrophilic behavior (fresh CNW), but within a few days they become highly hydrophobic (aged CNW). Their final hydrophobicity is closely related to their topography which is controlled by the deposition parameters. In addition, subsequent fluorinated plasma treatments result in super-hydrophobic CNW layers, irrespective of the hydrophilic or hydrophobic character of the pre-treated samples. To explain this, we show that the CNW edges contain many defects initially, but such defects become passivated in time. As a result, the surfaces become highly hydrophobic after aging or fluorination, having inert stable terminations.

Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) and Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) techniques were applied for growing hydroxyapatite (HA) thin films on titanium substrates. All experiments were conducted in a reaction chamber using a KrP* excimer laser source (lambda = 248 nm, TEWHM approximate to 25 ns). Half of the samples were post-deposition thermally treated at 500 degrees C in a flux of water vapours in order to restore crystallinity and improve adherence. Coating surface morphologies and topographies specific to the deposition method were evidenced by scanning electron, atomic force microscopy investigations and profilometry. They were shown to depend on deposition technique and also on the post-deposition treatment. Crystalline structure of the coatings evaluated by X-ray diffraction was improved after thermal treatment. Biocompatibility of coatings, cellular adhesion, proliferation and differentiation tests were conducted using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Results showed that annealed MAPLE deposited HA coatings were supporting MSCs proliferation, while annealed PLD obtained films were stimulating osteogenic differentiation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A new composite material based on poly (para-phenylenevinylene) (PPV), pyrene (Py) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is synthesized using thermal conversion route. The properties of this material are investigated by Raman scattering, photoluminescence (PL), infrared (IR) and ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Adding Py at PPV precursor solution (PPV PS) containing RGO, yields to important modifications in both vibrational and electronic properties of these composites. The presence of Py into PPV matrix determines a blue shift of PPV PL. According to Raman and IR studies, PPV is non-covalently functionalized with Py which interacts forward with RGO through pi-pi interactions causing an important modification into the polymer chains conjugation length. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thin films of TiN, ZrC, and ZrN were deposited at room temperature on highly polished Ti and Si samples using the pulsed laser deposition technique. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction investigations showed that films were nanocrystalline, with grain sizes from 5 to 12 nm and under compression. Simulations of X-ray reflectivity curves acquired from the samples indicated that the deposited layers were dense and smooth. Electrochemical tests performed in simulated body fluid showed that the deposited coatings significantly improved the corrosion resistance of Ti samples. The comparative study found out that the best sample was ZrN/Ti, its corrosion current after 32 days immersion in simulated body fluids being half of that measured for the bare Ti sample and in the same time almost unchanged from the initial value. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The aim of our research was to synthesize and investigate the physico-chemical and biological features of composite coatings based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and commercial calcium phosphates (CaPs), hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate, obtained by means of matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique. In this respect, laser fluence and dropcast studies were performed for pristine polymer and PHBV-CaPs composites. The microstructure of the synthesized coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, while for the chemical structure and functional integrity we performed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy comparative analysis. By using the X-ray diffraction measurements we experimentally evaluated the crystalline nature of the obtained composite materials, while relevant data regarding the hydrophilic/hydrophobic behavior of the synthesized coatings were obtained by performing static CA measurements. The biocompatibility of PHBV/CaPs coatings was evaluated by performing cellular adhesion and differentiation in vitro assays on mesenchymal stem cells. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

In this study, coatings based on lysozyme embedded into a matrix of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were fabricated by two different methods (Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation -MAPLE and Dip Coating) for obtaining antimicrobial coatings envisaged for long term medical applications. Coatings with different PEG: PCL compositions (3: 1; 1: 1; 1: 3) were synthesized in order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of lysozyme embedded into the polymeric matrix. The main surface features, such as roughness and wettability, with impact on the microbial adhesion as well as on the eukaryote cell function were measured. The obtained composite coatings exhibited a significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus strains. As well, specific blended coatings showed appropriate viability, good spreading and normal cell morphology of SaOs2 human osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These investigations highlight the suitability of biodegradable composites as implant coatings for decreasing the risk of bacterial contamination associated with prosthetic procedures. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.