National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

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903 articles found

731. Mossbauer study of the RENiSnD (RE : Pr, Nd) monodeuterides

Authors: Spataru, T; Principi, G; Kuncser, V; Keune, W; Yartys, VA

Published: MAR 10 2004, JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS, 366, 85, DOI: 10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00744-8

NdNiSnD and PrNiSnD monodeuterides have been studied by Sn-119 Mossbauer spectroscopy at variable temperatures between 4.2 and 300 K. Deuterium insertion into the RE3Ni sites induces at low temperatures a magnetic splitting of the tin nuclear levels. Slightly different magnetic ordering temperatures, 25(1) and 20(1) K, were evidenced for the Nd- and Pr-containing deuterides, respectively. The Mossbauer spectra suggest a similar type of local structures for both compounds, with a mutual substitution of Sn and Ni atoms. The magnetic behaviour is discussed in relation to the different spin waves mechanisms. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

732. (Cu, C)Ba2Ca3Cu4Ox-(LiF)(y): addition of LiF - an effective way to synthesize overdoped superconductor

Authors: Badica, P; Iyo, A; Aldica, G; Kito, H; Crisan, A; Tanaka, Y

Published: MAR 2004, SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 17, 437, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/17/3/022

(Cu, C)Ba2Ca3Cu4Ox superconductor with addition of y mol LiF has been synthesized by a high-pressure method. For the same synthesis conditions it was found that (almost) single-phase Cu, C-1234 samples can be synthesized for y(LiF) = 0-0.1 if the amount of z mol AgO oxidizer is increased linearly from Z(AgO) = 0.45 to 0.73 and for y(LiF) = 0 - 1-0.2 if ZAgO = 0.73 = constant. Transport measurements (rho(T) and room-temperature Seebeck coefficient) have shown that these samples are overdoped: LiF is an effective addition for synthesis of overdoped Cu, C-1234 with a controlled level of carriers. LiF addition continuously decreases T-c. The critical point at y(LiF) = 0.1 is discussed as the solubility limit of LiF and/or the point where the doping mechanism changes. It is proposed that the reason is the reaction of extra Li with C and O to form Li2CO3, inducing a lower concentration of C in Cu, C-1234/LiF crystals, and at the same time a possible substitution of Li not only for the Cu site but also for the Ca site, resulting in formation of a higher amount of residual Ca0.828CuO2 (for y(LiF) > 0.1). LiF induces the formation of a liquid phase and acts as a flux promoting the formation of Cu, C-12(n - 1)n with n greater than or equal to 4. LiF modifies to some degree the grain growth from a 3D to a 2D type (thinner platelike grains have been observed in the LiF added samples).

733. Critical current density and magnetic-field irreversibility of Na0.35CoO2 center dot 1.3H(2)O superconductor

Authors: Badica, P; Kondo, T; Togano, K

Published: JAN 26 2004, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 84, 561, DOI: 10.1063/1.1641512

Critical current density J(c) of Na0.35CoO2.1.3H(2)O superconductor (T-c=4.4 K) has been estimated from magnetization measurements: J(c)(1.9 K,0 T)=5x10(4) A/cm(2), J(c) (1.9 K,0.4 T)=4x10(2) A/cm(2) and J(c) (3.4 K,0 T)=10(3) A/cm(2). J(c) versus applied magnetic field H cannot be fitted, as for high-T-c superconductors (HTS), by a power law for any temperature. The temperature dependence for a given H is not of the linear type as for MgB2, but is close to quasiexponential (associated with the thermally activated flux creep) as for HTS. Irreversibility field data points H-irr versus (1-T/T-c) obey a power law with power exponent n=3.4. The irreversibility line is located below, but in vicinity of, the line for Bi-2223. Details of morphology are also presented. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics.

734. Ba/Zr=1 : 1 freeze-dried and conventional chloride powders: synthesis of BaZrO3 and phase formation

Authors: Badica, P; Aldica, G; Iyo, A; Bradea, I; Jaklovszky, J

Published: JAN 2004, MATERIALS LETTERS, 58, 256, DOI: 10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00455-5

Precursor powders of Ba/Zr = 1:1 chloride have been prepared by freeze drying (FD) and conventional mixing. A simple, laboratory-made apparatus for sublimation of the frozen water from the cryo-particles is presented. Both powders have the same phase formation behavior. Up to 500-600 degreesC, Zr chloride transforms into ZrO2. At high temperatures, BaCl2 starts melting and decomposing and two subsequent processes take place: (a) chlorination of the Zr atoms from the oxide and (b) formation of BaZrO3 phase, These processes depend on treatment atmosphere and reactivity of the starting powders. Freeze-dried powders with higher reactivity and/or O-2 atmosphere are suitable to obtain high content of BaZrO3 phase. In the freeze-dried powder, decomposed in O-2 atmosphere at 1190 degreesC for 20 h, 90% of BaZrO3 phase content was attained. No new phases were observed during decomposition of the freeze-dried powder. In the as-synthesized freeze-dried powder, some XRD lines remained unidentified. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

735. Local magnetic interactions in Fe/RE2Fe14B nanocomposite systems

Authors: Kuncser, V; Valeanu, M; Lifei, F; Jianu, A; Kappel, W; Filoti, G

Published: 2004, SECOND SEEHEIM CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM, PROCEEDINGS, 3506, DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200405491

The Fe spin configurations in both the soft- and hard- magnetic phases of nanocomposite Fe/RE2Fe14B exchange-spring ribbons have been analysed by Mossbauer spectroscopy. New criteria for evaluating the inter-phase exchange-coupling strength are proposed. The coupling strength is discussed in relation to the annealing conditions and the relative content of the soft magnetic phase.

736. Structural and magnetic properties of iron species/SiO2 nanocomposites obtained by sol-gel methods

Authors: Predoi, D; Kuncser, V; Zaharescu, M; Keune, W; Sahoo, B; Valeanu, M; Crisan, M; Raileanu, M; Jitianu, A; Filoti, G

Published: 2004, SECOND SEEHEIM CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM, PROCEEDINGS, 3510, DOI:

The phase composition, local structure and magnetic interactions were investigated in FexOx-SiO2 nanocomposites obtained by modern sol-gel methods. The very sensitive method of Mossbauer spectroscopy has evidenced the strong influence of the silica matrix precursor on the iron phase composition in the initial composites as well as on the size distribution of the hematite nanoparticles obtained by suitable thermal annealing treatments.

737. Poly (vinyl-alcohol) films for microphotonics

Authors: Obreja, P; Cristea, D; Budianu, E; Gavrila, R; Kusko, M; Kuncser, V

Published: 2004, 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROELECTRONICS, PROCEEDINGS, 679, DOI:

The paper presents experimental results concerning the influence of additives from a solution of the PVA on the optical properties of the polymer. The refractive index of the poly (vinyl-alcohol) was modified through the addition of inorganic materials and showed values between 1.5 and 2 (depending on the compositions and the curing conditions of the polymer. The transmittance indicated values above 80%. The additives we used were metal oxides/inorganic salts. The composition and the deposition processes were optimized to allow a better control of the optical parameters (refractive index, transmittance), to reduce the processing temperatures and to improve photosensitivity. PVA with these new light-sensitive compositions can be easily spin coated onto variety of semiconductor substrate and directly patterned. A process was developed for channel waveguides fabrication.

738. Carbon nanostructures produced by CCVD with induction heating

Authors: Lupu, D; Biris, AR; Jianu, A; Bunescu, C; Burkel, E; Indrea, E; Mihailescu, G; Pruneanu, S; Olenic, L; Misan, I

Published: 2004, CARBON, 42, 507, DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2003.12.034

The catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) method in which the outer furnace is replaced by the high frequency induction heating (IH) has been used for synthesis of carbon nanostructures. Using different catalysts, various types of carbon nanofibers were obtained, with the absence of the catalyst particles at their tip as a common characteristic. The IH mode combined with the CCVD method seems attractive for the synthesis of carbon nanostructures, allowing a significant decrease of energy consumption and of the overall reaction time as compared with the heating mode with outer furnace. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

739. Monte Carlo simulation study of magnetic behaviour of core-shell bimetallic nanoparticles

Authors: Crisan, O; Tornau, EE; Petrauskas, V; Angelakeris, M

Published: 2004, SECOND SEEHEIM CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM, PROCEEDINGS, 3763, DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200405549

The magnetic properties of core-shell-type nanoparticles with non-magnetic core and ferromagnetic shell are modeled using Monte Carlo simulation. The influence of the surface spin disorder on the magnetization and Curie temperature of magnetic states is studied. Due to competition between exchange coupling and surface anisotropy, rotation of the magnetization axis is observed, as the surface anisotropy of the ferromagnetic shell is increased. It is shown that the exchange coupling at the core-shell interface can influence the shape of the temperature dependence of total magnetization. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

740. Fabrication of novel magnetic nanostructures by colloidal bimetallic nanocrystals and multilayers

Authors: Angelakeris, M; Crisan, O; Papaioannou, E; Vouroutzis, N; Tsiaoussis, I; Pavlidou, E; Crisan, AD; Kostic, I; Sobal, N; Giersig, M; Flevaris, NK

Published: DEC 15 2003, MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-BIOMIMETIC AND SUPRAMOLECULAR SYSTEMS, 23, 878, DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2003.09.147

Recent developments of lithographic techniques as well as improved chemical synthesis methods allow researchers to engineer novel nanostructured materials consisting of arrays of self-organized nanocrystals and multilayers grown as patterns on different substrates. In our case, the magnetic nanostructures consist either of multilayers directly deposited on pre-patterned substrates to form regular arrays of stripes and grooves or colloidal solutions of self-organized bimetallic Ag/Co nanoparticles on patterned and nonpatterned substrates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed in order to study the surface morphology of the 2D patterning arrays and the 3D nanostructures. The development of periodic arrays of magnetic patterns of micrometer size is strongly dependent on technological parameters such as: film, thickness, distances, size and shape of the patterns. Moreover, it is shown that the substrate morphology significantly affects the colloidal crystallization of magnetic nanoparticles and leads to different growth modes. This will ultimately affect the overall magnetic behavior of the nanostructures. Consequently, the combination of self-assembly and patterning allows for the controlled fabrication of the novel magnetic nanostructures at a macroscopic level and the study of fundamental aspects in magnetism such as quantum tunneling magnetization and magneto-transport properties along well-defined nanosized patterns. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.