National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

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873 articles found

811. Field effect controlled photoresistors based on chemically deposited PbS films

Authors: Pentia, E; Pintilie, L; Matei, I; Pintilie, I

Published: 2002, PROGRESS IN SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS FOR OPTOELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS, 692, 446, DOI:

MOS-like structures were obtained by chemical deposition of a polycrystalline PbS thin film on top of a silicon dioxide/Si substrate. Gold ohmic electrodes in coplanar configuration were subsequently deposited by vacuum evaporation on PbS surface (drain and source electrodes). The gate aluminum electrode was deposited on the back of the Si substrate. The dependence of the photoconductive signal, generated in the PbS film, on the gate voltage was studied for wavelengths ranging between 800 nm and 3000 nm at room temperature as well as at low temperatures. It was found that the relative variation of the signal could be as high as 50% for gate voltages ranging between -30 V and +30 V. Two possible mechanisms are proposed to explain the signal variation with the gate voltage: 1) Variation of the depleted region's thickness in the PbS film, that leads to a variation of the conduction channel's resistance (the reference resistance called, also, the dark resistance), 2) The possible variation of the majority carriers (holes) life-time due to the electron blocking at the PbS/oxide interface when positive gate voltages are applied on the back electrode. Integrated IR detectors with controlled sensitivity in the 800-3000 nm range can be manufactured at a relatively low cost using the PbS/oxide/Si MOS-like structure.

812. Deep level defects in sublimation-grown 6H silicon carbide investigated by DLTS and EPR

Authors: Irmscher, K; Pintilie, I; Pintilie, L; Schulz, D

Published: DEC 2001, PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER, 308, 733, DOI: 10.1016/S0921-4526(01)00887-0

6H-SiC bulk single crystals grown by physical vapor transport (PVT) were investigated by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). One of the observed deep level defects was identified as isolated tungsten on Si sites by EPR. The electron spin of 1 could be explained by W5+ (5d(1)). This is equivalent to the single positive charge state of a double donor when taking into account the Fermi level position in the n-type samples. The interpretation is also consistent with the DLTS detection of a W related deep level which showed a behavior of the capture of electrons and holes that hints at a double donor. In addition a tantalum related deep level is tentatively discussed. W and Ta were incorporated on electrically active sites in 6H-SiC only in low concentrations (2-4 x 10(4) cm(-3)) during crystal growth by PVT. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

813. Radiation hard silicon detectors - developments by the RD48 (ROSE) collaboration

Authors: Lindstrom, G; Ahmed, M; Albergo, S; Allport, P; Anderson, D; Andricek, L; Angarano, MM; Augelli, V; Bacchetta, N; Bartalini, P; Bates, R; Biggeri, U; Bilei, GM; Bisello, D; Boemi, D; Borchi, E; Botila, T; Brodbeck, TJ; Bruzzi, M; Budzynski, T; Burger, P; Campabadal, F; Casse, G; Catacchini, E; Chilingarov, A; Ciampolini, P; Cindro, V; Costa, MJ; Creanza, D; Clauws, P; Da Via, C; Davies, G; De Boer, W; Dell'Orso, R; De Palma, M; Dezillie, B; Eremin, V; Evrard, O; Fallica, G; Fanourakis, G; Feick, H; Focardi, E; Fonseca, L; Fretwurst, E; Fuster, J; Gabathuler, K; Glaser, M; Grabiec, P; Grigoriev, E; Hall, G; Hanlon, M; Hauler, F; Heising, S; Holmes-Siedle, A; Horisberger, R; Hughes, G; Huhtinen, M; Ilyashenko, I; Ivanov, A; Jones, BK; Jungermann, L; Kaminsky, A; Kohout, Z; Kramberger, G; Kuhnke, M; Kwan, S; Lemeilleur, F; Leroy, C; Letheren, M; Li, Z; Ligonzo, T; Linhart, V; Litovchenko, P; Loukas, D; Lozano, M; Luczynski, Z; Lutz, G; MacEvoy, B; Manolopoulos, S; Markou, A; Martinez, C; Messineo, A; Mikuz, M; Moll, M; Nossarzewska, E; Ottaviani, G; Oshea, V; Parrini, G; Passeri, D; Petre, D; Pickford, A; Pintilie, I; Pintilie, L; Pospisil, S; Potenza, R; Raine, C; Rafi, JM; Ratoff, PN; Richter, RH; Riedler, P; Roe, S; Roy, P; Ruzin, A; Ryazanov, AI; Santocchia, A; Schiavulli, L; Sicho, P; Siotis, I; Sloan, T; Slysz, W; Smith, K; Solanky, M; Sopko, B; Stolze, K; Avset, BS; Svensson, B; Tivarus, C; Tonelli, G; Tricomi, A; Tzamarias, S; Valvo, G; Vasilescu, A; Vayaki, A; Verbitskaya, E; Verdini, P; Vrba, V; Watts, S; Weber, ER; Wegrzecki, M; Wegrzecka, I; Weilhammer, P; Wheadon, R; Wilburn, C; Wilhelm, I; Wunstorf, R; Wustenfeld, J; Wyss, J; Zankel, K; Zabierowski, P; Zontar, D

Published: JUL 1 2001, NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 466, 326, DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00560-5

The RD48 (ROSE) collaboration has succeeded to develop radiation hard silicon detectors. capable to withstand the harsh hadron fluences in the tracking areas of LHC experiments. In order to reach this objective, a defect engineering technique was employed resulting in the development of Oxygen enriched FZ silicon (DOFZ), ensuring the necessary O-enrichment of about 2 x 10(17) O/cm(3) in the normal detector processing. Systematic investigations have been carried out on various standard and oxygenated silicon diodes with neutron, proton and pion irradiation up to a fluence of 5 x 10(14)cm(-2) (1 MeV neutron equivalent). Major focus is on the changes of the effective doping concentration (depletion voltage). Other aspects (reverse current, charge collection) are covered too and the appreciable benefits obtained with DOFZ silicon in radiation tolerance for charged hadrons are outlined. The results are reliably described by the "Hamburg model": its application to LHC experimental conditions is shown, demonstrating the superiority of the defect engineered silicon. Microscopic aspects of damage effects are also discussed. including differences due to charged and neutral hadron irradiation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

814. Developments for radiation hard silicon detectors by defect engineering - results by the CERN RD48 (ROSE) Collaboration

Authors: Lindstrom, G; Ahmed, M; Albergo, S; Allport, P; Anderson, D; Andricek, L; Angarano, MM; Augelli, V; Bacchetta, N; Bartalini, P; Bates, R; Biggeri, U; Bilei, GM; Bisello, D; Boemi, D; Borchi, E; Botila, T; Brodbeck, TJ; Bruzzi, M; Budzynski, T; Burger, P; Campabadal, F; Casse, G; Catacchini, E; Chilingarov, A; Ciampolini, P; Cindro, V; Costa, MJ; Creanza, D; Clauws, P; Da Via, C; Davies, G; De Boer, W; Dell'Orso, R; De Palma, M; Dezillie, B; Eremin, V; Evrard, O; Fallica, G; Fanourakis, G; Feick, H; Focardi, E; Fonseca, L; Fretwurst, E; Fuster, J; Gabathuler, K; Glaser, M; Grabiec, P; Grigoriev, E; Hall, G; Hanlon, M; Hauler, F; Heising, S; Holmes-Siedle, A; Horisberger, R; Hughes, G; Huhtinen, M; Ilyashenko, I; Ivanov, A; Jones, BK; Jungermann, L; Kaminsky, A; Kohout, Z; Kramberger, G; Kuhnke, M; Kwan, S; Lemeilleur, F; Leroy, C; Letheren, M; Li, Z; Ligonzo, T; Linhart, V; Litovchenko, P; Loukas, D; Lozano, M; Luczynski, Z; Lutz, G; MacEvoy, B; Manolopoulos, S; Markou, A; Martinez, C; Messineo, A; Mikuz, M; Moll, M; Nossarzewska, E; Ottaviani, G; Oshea, V; Parrini, G; Passeri, D; Petre, D; Pickford, A; Pintilie, I; Pintilie, L; Pospisil, S; Potenza, R; Radicci, V; Raine, C; Rafi, JM; Ratoff, PN; Richter, RH; Riedler, P; Roe, S; Roy, P; Ruzin, A; Ryazanov, AI; Santocchia, A; Schiavulli, L; Sicho, P; Siotis, I; Sloan, T; Slysz, W; Smith, K; Solanky, M; Sopko, B; Stolze, K; Avset, BS; Svensson, B; Tivarus, C; Tonelli, G; Tricomi, A; Tzamarias, S; Valvo, G; Vasilescu, A; Vayaki, A; Verbitskaya, E; Verdini, P; Vrba, V; Watts, S; Weber, ER; Wegrzecki, M; Wegrzecka, I; Weilhammer, P; Wheadon, R; Wilburn, C; Wilhelm, I; Wunstorf, R; Wustenfeld, J; Wyss, J; Zankel, K; Zabierowski, P; Zontar, D

Published: JUN 1 2001, NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 465, 69, DOI: 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00347-3

This report summarises the final results obtained by the RD48 collaboration. The emphasis is on the more practical aspects directly relevant for LHC applications. The report is based on the comprehensive survey given in the 1999 status report (RD48 3rd Status Report, CERN/LHCC 2000-009, December 1999), a recent conference report (Lindstrom et al, (RD48), and some latest experimental results. Additional data have been reported in the last ROSE workshop (5th ROSE workshop, CERN, CERN/LEB 2000-005), A compilation of all RD48 internal reports and a full publication list can be found on the RD48 homepage (http://cern.ch/RD48/). The success of the oxygen enrichment of FZ-silicon as a highly powerful defect engineering technique and its optimisation with various commercial manufacturers are reported. The focus is on the changes of the effective doping concentration (depletion voltage). The RD48 model for the dependence of radiation effects on fluence, temperature and operational time is verified: projections to operational scenarios for main LHC experiments demonstrate vital benefits. Progress in the microscopic understanding of damage effects as well as the application of defect kinetics models and device modelling for the prediction of the macroscopic behaviour was also been achieved but will not be covered in detail. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

815. Chemically prepared nanocrystalline PbS thin films

Authors: Pentia, E; Pintilie, L; Matei, I; Botila, T; Ozbay, E

Published: JUN 2001, JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS, 3, 530, DOI:

PbS nanocrystalline thin films were prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique. A comparative study between "standard" and "nanocrystalline" PbS thin films was performed. We denoted "standard" the PbS film with a good photosensitivity for to use as IR detector. This film was deposited after 1 hour from chemical bath containing reducing agent and Bi ions as doping element. The "nanocrystalline" film was obtained at shorter reaction time (after 17 minutes) from reducing bath without doping element. The other parameters: concentration of the reactants, pH, temperature were kept constant for the all depositions. The morphological properties of the films were determined by SEM analysis. Also, the electrical and photoelectrical behaviors were investigated for the both types of PbS films. The "nanocrystalline" film had a very high electrical resistance (10(10)-10(11)Omega/square) compared with the "standard" film (10(5)-10(6)Omega/square). Both types of films proved to be sensitive to the surrounding atmosphere, air or vacuum. Thermally Stimulated Current (TSC) measurement had shown the presence of trap concentration in the both cases, probably due to the large amount of disordered regions.

816. Influence of Sb3+ ions on photoconductive properties of chemically deposited PbS films

Authors: Pentia, E; Pintilie, L; Tivarus, C; Pintilie, I; Botila, T

Published: MAR 22 2001, MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, 80, 26, DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00578-X

PbS films were obtained on glass substrates using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The infrared (IR) photosensitivity increases of about 1000 times when a reducing agent (hydroxylamine hydrochloride NH2OHHCl) is added in the deposition bath. A further enhancement was tried by adding small amounts of antimony chloride (SbCl3) solution in the deposition bath. The result was just opposite. It was found that the photosensitivity decreases with increasing the Sb salt content. The changes in PbS photoconjuctive properties are correlated with the changes in film morphology due to the two compounds added in the bath - the reducing agent and the Sb salt. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

817. Ferroelectrics: new wide-gap materials for UV detection

Authors: Pintilie, L; Pintilie, I

Published: MAR 22 2001, MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, 80, 391, DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5107(00)00605-X

Photoconductive properties of some sol-gel deposited. ferroelectrie thin films are investigated in the ultraviolet (UV) domain. The investigated materials are: Bi4Ti3O12 (BiT), SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) and Pb(Zr0.45Ti0.55)O-3 (PZT). It was found that all these materials exhibit pronounced photoconductivity in the 250-500 nm domain. The best current responsivity was obtained for Bi4Ti3O12 (BiT) films. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

818. Advanced technology for making PZT type ceramics by fast firing

Authors: Miclea, C; Tanasoiu, C; Miclea, CF; Amarande, L; Iorgulescu, R; Tanasoiu, V; Moscu, S

Published: MAR 2001, JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS, 3, 87, DOI:

Densification and piezoelectric performances of some fast fired lead zirconate-titanate ceramics were investigated in comparison with those made by conventionally sintering technique. Micro and nano PZT powders were used as initial powders for the compacts subjected to the Cast and conventionally sinterings. Density maxims of about 98 % of the theoretical density, were obtained for nanopowder compacts fast fired at 1350 degreesC for 20 minutes. The piezoelectric properties of the fast fired and conventionally sintered compacts were determined. Significant increase for d(33) piezoelectric charge constant was observed in the case of fast fired samples compared to conventionally sintered ones. The electromechanical planar coupling factor k(p) was also increased From 0.62 to 0.65 for fast fired samples. The densification mechanism was discussed in terms of a predominantly transient stresses induced during the initial stage of densification by the rather high temperature gradient of the fast fired samples.

819. Investigations of pyroelectric properties of pure and alanine doped TGS crystals

Authors: Costache, M; Matei, I; Pintilie, L; Alexandru, HV; Berbecaru, C

Published: MAR 2001, JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS, 3, 81, DOI:

Pyroelectric measurements were performed on pure and on L or D alanine doped TCS. Crystals were grown in paraelectric phase (similar to 52 degreesC) from solutions by slow evaporation of the solvent. Pyroelectric current was measured by, crossing the Curie point, both on heating and cooling. Spontaneous polarization P-S(T) was also recorded using the charge integration method. The pyroelectric current of pure TGS samples along with the spontaneous polarization were detected only on heating, using a poling procedure similar to those applied to ceramic ferroelectrics. The remarkable asymmetry of measured pyroelectric coefficient of D and I. alanine doped samples suggests a non-equivalent substitution of glycine in the host lattice.

820. Thermally stimulated current method applied on diodes with high concentration of deep trapping levels

Authors: Pintilie, I; Pintilie, L; Moll, M; Fretwurst, E; Lindstroem, G

Published: JAN 22 2001, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 78, 552, DOI: 10.1063/1.1335852

We propose an improved method of thermally stimulated currents (TSC) spectra analysis in the case of diodes having a concentration of traps higher than that of doping impurities. Beside the calculation of trap concentrations from TSC peaks analysis, the method allows us to evaluate the density and the type of the very deep trapping level which, due to the contribution of leakage current, can not be detected in a real TSC experiment. The proposed method is applied to a p(+)-n Silicon diode irradiated with 1.82x10(13)neutrons/cm(2). (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.