National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

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504 articles found

371. ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND MAGNETISM OF PLD DEPOSITED Tio(2):Fe

Authors: Costescu, RM; Lungu, GA; Socol, G; Gheorghe, NG; Macovei, D; Negrila, CC; Logofatu, C; Husanu, MA; Popescu, DG; Tache, CA; Teodorescu, CM

Published: JAN-MAR 2012, DIGEST JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS AND BIOSTRUCTURES, 7, DOI:

TiO2:Fe thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition exhibit in some case light dependent saturation magnetization, as determined from Kerr magnetometry measurements performed in dark or by illuminating the sample. This phenomenon is studied in correlation with local atomic structure investigated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure, composition and chemical state analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and by X-ray absorption near-edge structure. It is found that light-controllable magnetism is a property of a mixture of Fe and oxidized Fe clusters embedded in the anatase TiO2 matrix.

372. REACTIVITY, MAGNETISM AND LOCAL ATOMIC STRUCTURE IN FERROMAGNETIC FE LAYERS DEPOSITED ON SI(001)

Authors: Gheorghe, NG; Husanu, MA; Lungu, GA; Costescu, RM; Macovei, D; Popescu, DG; Teodorescu, CM

Published: JAN-MAR 2012, DIGEST JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS AND BIOSTRUCTURES, 7, DOI:

This work presents recent studies concerning the synthesis of ultrathin ferromagnetic Fe layers on Si(001) and the correlated follow-up measurement of their structural properties, interface reactivity, and magnetism. This study is undertaken as function of the amount of Fe deposited and of substrate temperature. The interface reactivity is characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy. The surface structure is characterized by low electron energy diffraction (LEED). The local order of Fe atoms is investigated by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and the magnetism by magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). A general trend established is that a higher deposition temperature stabilizes a better surface ordering, but also enhances Fe and Si interdiffusion and therefore decreases the magnetism. A surprising effect obtained by Fe deposition at room temperature is that, despite the rapid disappearance of the long range order with Fe deposition (no LEED pattern is observed for Fe coverage exceeding one monolayer), the material exhibits a significant uniaxial in-plane magnetic anisotropy. When the deposition is performed at high temperature (500 degrees C), a weak ferromagnetism is still observed, with saturation magnetization of about 10 % of the value obtained for room temperature deposition. The combined MOKE and EXAFS studies allowed inferring consistent values for the range of Fe thicknesses where the reaction takes place and the main properties of the distinct formed layers.

373. Surface Analysis of Inhibitor Film Formed by 4-Amino-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl) Benzene Sulfonamide on Carbon Steel Surface in Acidic Media

Authors: Samide, A; Tutunaru, B; Negrila, C; Prunaru, I

Published: 2012, SPECTROSCOPY LETTERS, 45, 64, DOI: 10.1080/00387010.2011.598599

Inhibitive properties of the antibacterial sulfa drug sulfathiazole-IUPAC name being 4-amino-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl) benzene sulfonamide-on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1.0M HCl solution were investigated using weight loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Sulfathiazole is a good adsorption inhibitor, and the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing concentration. Adsorption is spontaneous and is best described by Temkin isotherm. XPS analysis showed, at this stage, that the main product of corrosion is a nonstoichiometric Fe3+ oxide/oxyhydroxide consisting of a mixture of Fe2O3, alpha, and gamma-FeO(OH) and/or Fe(OH)(3), where alpha, gamma-FeO(OH) is the main phase.

374. PHYTOSYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES USING CAESALPINIA PULCHERRIMA (PEACOCK FLOWER) FLOWER EXTRACT AND EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES

Authors: Nagaraj, B; Divya, TK; Barasa, M; Krishnamurthy, NB; Dinesh, R; Negrila, CC; Predoi, D

Published: JUL-SEP 2012, DIGEST JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS AND BIOSTRUCTURES, 7, 905, DOI:

Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Linn) popularly known as Peacock flower in India belongs to family Caesalpiniace. In this work, we describe environment friendly technique for green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from AuCl4 solution using the Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Peacock flower) flower extract as reducing agent. The gold nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The UV-visible spectra indicate a strong Plasmon resonance that is located at similar to 450 nm. The TEM analysis shows that products have spherical morphology with size ranging between 10-50 nm. The study also indicates that gold nanoparticles show good antimicrobial activities when compared to the standard antibiotics.

375. Study of thiols deposition on GaAs

Authors: Ghita, RV; Cotirlan, C; Ungureanu, F; Florica, C; Negrila, CC

Published: JAN-FEB 2012, OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS-RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, 6, 244, DOI:

A genuine GaAs surface is covered with a relatively thick layer (similar to nm) of native oxide pinning the Surface Fermi level within the band gap of semiconductor. The method presented in this work is related to sulfur passivation by treating n-GaAs in different solutions of alkane thiols. At the surface of GaAs it is developed an adherent layer of sulfur compound as a result of chemical interaction of sulfur ions with GaAs(100) face, that are putted in evidence by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and second harmonic generation (SHG) analysis. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is presented a detailed analysis of XPS data at the surface of thiols on GaAs together with the presence of the covalent bond As-S. The electric characteristics of the AuGeNi/Thiol/GaAs structure are presented in I (V) curves recorded in the region of small currents.

376. Second harmonic generation in photonic crystals: numerical simulation

Authors: Popescu, DG; Sterian, P; Bercia, R; Bostan, C

Published: MAR-APR 2012, JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS, 14, 362, DOI:

In this paper, we want to present a simple and efficient numerical method for SHG analysis in one-dimensional photonic crystals (PhCs) based on full nonlinear system of equations. For solving the nonlinear SHG problem we used a simple method of finite elements coupled with fixed point iteration. Our model does not need additional analytic approximation compared with some existing methods, and it can be easily extended to study the SHG problem in two-dimensional photonic crystals. We used the FlexPDE Professional program to plot the diagrams varying the parameters. At the end we obtained two maximum intensities of the second harmonic wave within each high index layer, that being in contrast to the fundamental wave peak. This result can be found also in the literature. In addition, we have plotted the lattice using the Optiwave FDTD software and we observed the propagation of the field in time.

377. Fabrication of Superconducting MgB2-Based Nanocomposites with Magnetic Inclusions by Spark Plasma Sintering

Authors: Sandu, V; Ion, I; Litra-Cristian, P; Sandu, E

Published: 2012, ADVANCED MATERIALS DESIGN AND MECHANICS, 569, +, DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.569.3

We present the fabrication, structural, and transport properties of MgB2-based ceramic composites with magnetic nanospheres fabricated by spark plasma sintering. The nanospheres are either carbon encapsulated iron or iron oxide. The former nanospheres have been prepared by laser pyrolysis whereas the iron oxide was obtained by the pyrolysis of the polysiloxane-based copolymers embedded into MgB2 matrix during the sintering process. The structural data show the shrinkage of the a-axis lattice constant as a result of the partial carbon substitution for boron. However, the transport data suggest that carbon diffusion is limited to the outer layer of the MgB2 grains in both cases.

378. Silicon detectors for the sLHC

Authors: Affolder, A; Aleev, A; Allport, PP; Andricek, L; Artuso, M; Balbuena, JP; Barabash, L; Barber, T; Barcz, A; Bassignana, D; Bates, R; Battaglia, M; Beimforde, M; Bemardini, J; Betancourt, C; Bilei, GM; Bisello, D; Blue, A; Bohm, J; Bolla, G; Borgia, A; Borrello, L; Bortoletto, D; Boscardin, M; Bosma, MJ; Bowcock, TJV; Breindl, M; Broz, J; Bruzzi, M; Brzozowski, A; Buhmann, P; Buttar, C; Campabadal, F; Candelori, A; Casse, G; Charron, S; Chren, D; Cihangir, S; Cindro, V; Collins, P; Gil, EC; Costinoaia, CA; Creanza, D; Cristobal, C; Dalla Betta, GF; de Boer, W; De Palma, M; Demina, R; Dierlamm, A; Diez, S; Dobos, D; Doherty, F; Kittelmann, ID; Dolezal, Z; Dolgolenko, A; Dragoi, C; Driewer, A; Dutta, S; Eckstein, D; Eklund, L; Eremin, I; Eremin, V; Erfle, J; Fadeeva, N; Fahrer, M; Fiori, F; Fleta, C; Focardi, E; Forshaw, D; Fretwurst, E; Frey, M; Bates, AG; Gallrapp, C; Garcia, C; Gaubas, E; Genest, MH; Giolo, K; Glaser, M; Goessling, C; Golubev, A; Gorelov, I; Gregoire, G; Gregori, P; Grigoriev, E; Grillo, AA; Grinstein, S; Groza, A; Guskov, J; Hansen, TE; Harkonen, J; Hartjes, FG; Hartmann, F; Hoeferkamp, M; Horisberger, R; Houdayer, A; Hynds, D; Ilyashenko, I; Junkes, A; Kadys, A; Kaminski, P; Karpenko, A; Kaska, K; Kazuchits, N; Kazukauskas, V; Kharchuk, A; Khivrich, V; Kierstead, J; Klanner, R; Klingenberg, R; Kodys, P; Koffeman, E; Kohler, M; Kohout, Z; Korjenevski, S; Korolkov, I; Kozlowski, R; Kozubal, M; Kramberger, G; Kuhn, S; Kuleshov, S; Kuznetsov, A; Kwan, S; La Rosa, A; Lacasta, C; Lange, J; Lassila-Perini, K; Lastovetsky, V; Lazanu, I; Lazanu, S; Lebel, C; Lefeuvre, G; Lemaitre, V; Leroy, C; Li, Z; Lindstrom, G; Litovchenko, A; Litovchenko, P; Lozano, M; Luczynski, Z; Luukka, P; Macchiolo, A; Macraighne, A; Maenpaa, T; Makarenko, LF; Mandic, I; Maneuski, D; Manna, N; Marco, R; Garcia, SII; Marunko, S; Masek, P; Mathieson, K; Matysek, M; Mekki, J; Messineo, A; Metcalfe, J; Mikestikova, M; Mikuz, M; Militaru, O; Minano, M; Miyamoto, J; Moll, M; Monokhov, E; Mori, R; Moser, HG; Muenstermann, D; Sanchez, FJM; Naletko, A; Nisius, R; Oshea, V; Pacifico, N; Pantano, D; Parkes, C; Parzefall, U; Passeri, D; Pawlowski, M; Pellegrini, G; Pernegger, H; Petasecca, M; Piemonte, C; Pignatel, GU; Pintilie, I; Pintilie, L; Piotrzkowski, K; Placekett, R; Pohlsen, T; Polivtsev, L; Popule, J; Pospisil, S; Preiss, J; Radicci, V; Radu, R; Raf, JM; Rando, R; Richter, R; Roeder, R; Roger, R; Rogozhkin, S; Rohe, T; Ronchin, S; Rott, C; Roy, A; Rummler, A; Ruzin, A; Sadrozinski, HFW; Sakalauskas, S; Samadashvili, N; Scaringella, M; Schumm, B; Seidel, S; Seiden, A; Shipsey, I; Sibille, J; Sicho, P; Slavicek, T; Solar, M; Soldevila-Serrano, U; Son, S; Sopko, V; Sopko, B; Spencer, N; Spiegel, L; Srivastava, A; Steinbrueck, G; Stewart, G; Stolze, D; Storasta, J; Surma, B; Svensson, BG; Tan, P; Tomasek, M; Toms, K; Tsiskaridze, S; Tsvetkov, A; Tuboltsev, Y; Tuominen, E; Tuovinen, E; Tuuva, T; Tylchin, M; Uebersee, H; Ullan, M; Vaitkus, JV; van Beuzekom, M; Verbitskaya, E; Alvarez, IV; Visser, J; Vossebeld, J; Vrba, V; Walz, M; Weigell, P; Wiik, L; Wilhelm, I; Wunstorf, R; Zaluzhny, A; Zavrtanik, M; Zelazko, J; Zen, M; Zhukov, V; Zontar, D; Zorzi, N

Published: DEC 1 2011, NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 658, 16, DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2011.04.045

In current particle physics experiments, silicon strip detectors are widely used as part of the inner tracking layers. A foreseeable large-scale application for such detectors consists of the luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the super-LHC or sLHC, where silicon detectors with extreme radiation hardness are required. The mission statement of the CERN RD50 Collaboration is the development of radiation-hard semiconductor devices for very high luminosity colliders. As a consequence, the aim of the R&D programme presented in this article is to develop silicon particle detectors able to operate at sLHC conditions. Research has progressed in different areas, such as defect characterisation, defect engineering and full detector systems. Recent results from these areas will be presented. This includes in particular an improved understanding of the macroscopic changes of the effective doping concentration based on identification of the individual microscopic defects, results from irradiation with a mix of different particle types as expected for the sLHC, and the observation of charge multiplication effects in heavily irradiated detectors at very high bias voltages. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

379. X-ray absorption fine structure investigations on heat-treated Cr-doped titania thin films

Authors: Mardare, D; Nica, V; Pohoata, V; Macovei, D; Gheorghe, N; Luca, D; Teodorescu, CM

Published: DEC 1 2011, THIN SOLID FILMS, 520, 1352, DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.124

Chromium-doped titanium oxide thin films were investigated in the as-deposited state and after thermal treatment (723 K for 3 h in air). X-ray diffraction data revealed an improvement in film crystallinity induced by the thermal treatment. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure data revealed similar atomic neighboring around Cr atoms in both as-deposited and annealed samples. A lattice contraction of similar to 2% is observed in the annealed samples. The 67% enhancement of the amplitude of the Cr 1 s X-ray absorption fine structure pre-edge peak after thermal treatment, which is a sign of "dipole-forbidden" 1 s -> 3 d transitions, suggests strong alteration in the number of Cr 3 d vacancies, in spite of similar Cr local environment in the two kinds of investigated samples. We discuss here the Cr+ -> Cr4+ and Cr2+ -> Cr6+ changes induced by thermal treatment, and/or the evolution in local structures without inversion center. Refractive index dispersion spectra in the visible wavelength domain allowed us to compute the values of the dispersion energy, the single-oscillator energy and the coordination number of Ti atoms in both as-deposited and annealed samples. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

380. Highly adherent bioactive glass thin films synthetized by magnetron sputtering at low temperature

Authors: Stan, GE; Pasuk, I; Husanu, MA; Enculescu, I; Pina, S; Lemos, AF; Tulyaganov, DU; El Mabrouk, K; Ferreira, JMF

Published: DEC 2011, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE, 22, 2710, DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4441-1

Thin (380-510 nm) films of a low silica content bioglass with MgO, B2O3, and CaF2 as additives were deposited at low-temperature (150A degrees C) by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering onto titanium substrates. The influence of sputtering conditions on morphology, structure, composition, bonding strength and in vitro bioactivity of sputtered bioglass films was investigated. Excellent pull-out adherence (similar to 73 MPa) was obtained when using a 0.3 Pa argon sputtering pressure (BG-a). The adherence declined (similar to 46 MPa) upon increasing the working pressure to 0.4 Pa (BG-b) or when using a reactive gas mixture (similar to 50 MPa). The SBF tests clearly demonstrated strong biomineralization features for all bioglass sputtered films. The biomineralization rate increased from BG-a to BG-b, and yet more for BG-c. A well-crystallized calcium hydrogen phosphate-like phase was observed after 3 and 15 days of immersion in SBF in all bioglass layers, which transformed monotonously into hydroxyapatite under prolonged SBF immersion. Alkali and alkali-earth salts (NaCl, KCl and CaCO3) were also found at the surface of samples soaked in SBF for 30 days. The study indicated that features such as composition, structure, adherence and bioactivity of bioglass films can be tailored simply by altering the magnetron sputtering working conditions, proving that this less explored technique is a promising alternative for preparing implant-type coatings.