National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

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5781 articles found

2301. MgB2 with Addition of Bi2O3 Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering Technique

Authors: Burdusel, M; Aldica, G; Popa, S; Enculescu, M; Pasuk, I; Badica, P

Published: MAY 2013, JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL MAGNETISM, 26, 1556, DOI: 10.1007/s10948-012-2015-1

Bi2O3 and Bi-metal powders were mixed with MgB2 powder. Starting compositions were (MgB2)(Bi2O3) x, x = 0.0025, 0.005, 0.015, and (MgB2)(Bi)(y), y = 0.01. Mixtures were processed by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique. As obtained composite samples show high density, above 94 % of the theoretical density. Samples with Bi2O3 for x = 0.0025 and 0.005 show higher critical current densities, J(c), at high fields and at 20 K than for the pristine sample. Their irreversibility field, H-irr, is also higher. On the other hand, sample added with Bi-metal has lower J(c) and H-irr at any temperature than for the pristine sample.

2302. Possible mechanism of Ag photodiffusion in a-As2S3 thin films

Authors: Sava, F; Popescu, M; Lorinczi, A; Velea, A

Published: MAY 2013, PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS, 250, 1003, DOI: 10.1002/pssb.201248517

Monitoring the silver photodiffusion in thin amorphous As2S3 film is addressed with a new experimental setup. A possible photo-diffusion mechanism of silver into the a-As2S3 thin film under green laser diode light (=532nm) irradiation is proposed. The proposed mechanism is based on a gradual filling of the structural voids existing in the network of the thin chalcogenide layer. This mechanism is supported by XRD measurements, optical absorption, and modeling data.

2303. Postsynthetic Modification of a Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Structure for Enantioselective Catalytic Epoxidation

Authors: Candu, N; Tudorache, M; Florea, M; Ilyes, E; Vasiliu, F; Mercioniu, I; Coman, SM; Haiduc, I; Andruh, M; Parvulescu, VI

Published: MAY 2013, CHEMPLUSCHEM, 78, 450, DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300076

Postsynthetic modification of [Cu2(mand)2(hmt)] (mand=mandelic acid, hmt=hexamethylenetetramine) with a chiral, dimeric chromium(III)salen complex led to a robust structure. Characterization of this new material showed that it perfectly preserved the textural and structural properties of the parent metalorganic framework (MOF). Although epoxidation of trans-methyl cinnamate with hydrogen peroxide led to copper leaching of 23%, experiments performed with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide indicated no leaching, even after 72h of exposure. The obtained chiral MOF is an effective catalyst for the enantioselective epoxidation of trans-methyl cinnamate and leads to (2R,3S)-phenylglycidate with a high enantiomeric excess at room temperature.

2304. BNT-BT0.08 wires derived from sol-gel precursor and their piezoelectric behavior

Authors: Cernea, M; Pintilie, L; Trupina, L; Vasile, BS; Chirila, C; Pasuk, I

Published: MAY 2013, JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH, 15, DOI: 10.1007/s11051-013-1668-4

Lead-free piezoelectric (Bi0.5Na0.5)(0.92)Ba0.08TiO3, (abbreviated as BNT-BT0.08) wires were prepared using its corresponding precursor sol and, a polycarbonate template membrane. The polycarbonate membrane used has a thickness of 30 mu m and pore diameter of 300 nm. Uniform surface morphology of the wires with average diameter of 145 nm and a length of about 20 mu m was obtained when the concentration of the sol was 0.3 M. The ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of an individual BNT-BT0.08 wire were investigated using the PFM technique. The hysteresis loops between the PFM phase and DC bias and, the characteristic butterfly loops of the PFM amplitude versus DC bias, indicated a ferroelectric and piezoelectric behavior of as-obtained BNT-BT0.08 wires.

2305. Disorder in order: silicon versus graphene

Authors: Popescu, M; Sava, F; Lorinczi, A; Velea, A

Published: MAY 2013, PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS, 250, 1010, DOI: 10.1002/pssb.201248516

The topological transition from order to disorder in crystalline silicon was investigated by a computer simulation procedure. The gradually introduction of topological WootenWinerWeaire defect states makes the crystal change in a more and more disordered assembly of atoms. The characterization of deformation energy around a single defect state is analyzed. The topological transition from graphene structure to an amorphous carbon layer, by introduction of a high number of StoneWales defect-type states was evidenced. The comparison of the disordered structure in tetrahedrally bonded semiconductors (silicon) and a two-dimensional network based on graphene structure was made.

2306. Co environment and magnetic defects in anatase CoxTi1-O-x(2) nanopowders

Authors: Grecu, MN; Macovei, D; Ghica, D; Logofatu, C; Valsan, S; Apostol, NG; Lungu, GA; Negrea, RF; Piticescu, RR

Published: APR 22 2013, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 102, 161909, DOI: 10.1063/1.4802819

Cobalt environment and magnetic defects nature in hydrothermal synthesized anatase CoxTi1-xO2 nanopowders (0 <= x <= 0.1) are investigated by x-ray diffraction and a variety of spectroscopic techniques. One shows that cobalt is partially inserted in the anatase lattice, as Co2+ ions located on substitutional and interstitial sites. The fraction of the diluted Co is limited to 3 at.% for x >= 0.05, while the rest of the Co atoms gather into Co3O4 clusters. As found by electron paramagnetic resonance, the Co doping brings about hole-and electron-excess defects. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802819]

2307. Single bath electrodeposition of samarium oxide/zinc oxide nanostructured films with intense, broad luminescence

Authors: Matei, E; Enculescu, M; Enculescu, I

Published: APR 15 2013, ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, 95, 178, DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.044

Electrochemical deposition from a solution containing zinc and samarium ions, leads to a samarium oxide/zinc oxide sandwich-like structure with an intense, visible, broad luminescence peak centered at 550 nm. The successive deposition of the two materials is related to the bath composition and overpotential, taking place for values higher than a certain threshold. The zinc oxide film, first one to be deposited, presents typical hexagonal prism morphology while samaria coating films present a porous, nanowall like structure. The photoluminescence emission is at least 10 times more intense than in the case of typical electrodeposited ZnO films of similar thickness and does not appear in Sm2O3 films electrodeposited from solutions containing only Sm ions. Samples prepared in different conditions were characterized from the point of view of composition, structure, morphology and optical properties. The characteristics of the emission spectra of the films make them interesting for solid state lightning applications. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

2308. Optics of microlenses created by irradiation of As2S3 amorphous chalcogenide films with femtosecond laser pulses

Authors: Popescu, M; Velea, A; Miclos, S; Savastru, D

Published: APR 1 2013, PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS, 93, 220, DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2012.760058

Arrays of microlenses have been created on the surface of thin amorphous films of As2S3 by localized photoexpansion induced by femtosecond laser pulses. The profile of a typical microlens has been mathematically described. Ray-tracing analysis has been performed to determine the focal points in the red and near-infrared spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. These lie at distances of 1.21m at =650nm and 1.33m at =1.5m above the top of the microlens. It is suggested that the microlenses could be used in two-dimensional optoelectronic circuits or in fibre optics.

2309. Structural properties of silver doped hydroxyapatite and their biocompatibility

Authors: Ciobanu, CS; Iconaru, SL; Pasuk, I; Vasile, BS; Lupu, AR; Hermenean, A; Dinischiotu, A; Predoi, D

Published: APR 1 2013, MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, 33, 1402, DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.12.042

The aim of this study was to obtain a novel hydroxyapatite-based material with high biocompatibility. The structural properties of the samples were well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The X-ray diffraction studies revealed the characteristic peaks of hydroxyapatite in each sample. Other phases or impurities were not observed. The scanning electron microscopy observations suggest that the doping components have no influence on the surface morphology of the samples, which reveals a homogeneous aspect of the synthesized particles for all samples. The presence of calcium (Ca), phosphor (P), oxygen (O) and silver (Ag) in the Ag:HAp is confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analyses. Nanocrystalline silver doped HAp stimulated viability and potentiated the activation of murine macrophages. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

2310. ZnO films and nanorod/shell arrays electrodeposited on PET-ITO electrodes

Authors: Sima, M; Vasile, E; Sima, M

Published: APR 2013, MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN, 48, 1586, DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.12.045

In this work, ZnO films, nanorod and nanorod/shell arrays were synthesized on the surface of PET-ITO electrodes by electrochemical methods. ZnO films with high optical transmittance were prepared from a zinc nitrate solution using a pulsed current technique with a reduced pulse time (3 s). The X-ray diffraction pattern of ZnO film deposited on PET-ITO electrode showed that it has a polycrystalline structure with preferred orientations in the directions [0 0 2] and [1 03]. ZnO nanorods were synthesized on electrochemical seeded substrate in an aqueous solution containing zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. In order to increase the stability of PET-ITO electrode to electrochemical and chemical stresses during ZnO nanorods deposition the surface of the electrode was treated with a 17 wt% NH4F aqueous solution. Electrochemical stability of PET-ITO electrode was evaluated in a solution containing nitrate ions and hexamethylenetetramine. ZnO nanorod/shell arrays were fabricated using eosin Y as nanostructuring agent. Photoluminescence spectra of ZnO nanorod and ZnO nanorod/shell arrays prepared on the surface of PET-ITO electrode were discussed comparatively. By employing the 1.5 mu m-length ZnO nanorod/shell array covered with a Cu2O film a photovoltaic device was fabricated on the PET-ITO substrate. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.