National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

Publications

5781 articles found

2551. Structural investigations on electrodes - electrolytes systems for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell applications

Authors: Duta, L; Dorcioman, G; Popescu, AC; Mihailescu, IN; Nita, P; Mercioniu, I; Birsan, A; Bibicu, I; Constantinescu, S; Popescu-Pogrion, N

Published: NOV-DEC 2012, OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS-RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, 6, 1080, DOI:

We report on the synthesis of electrode layers by Pulsed Laser Deposition technique. We selected Nickel Oxide-8Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia as anode, La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-delta perovskite material as cathode, and Yttria doped (Ceria-alpha Alumina) as electrolyte. We studied electrode structure (average grain size, porosity, and grain shape), the deposition uniformity and electrode-electrolyte interfaces. The electrodes were investigated in terms of morphology (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and composition (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). The initial powder and the synthesized cathodes have been investigated superficially and in bulk by Mossbauer spectroscopy, in order to detect and analyse local properties. We identified the conditions for electrode layer synthesis in respect with porosity, composition, and mean grain size.

2552. Modeling the slaving of structural fluctuations in bio-molecules to those of nearby water

Authors: Mihai, C; Velea, A; Roman, N; Tugulea, L; Moldovan, NI

Published: JUL-SEP 2012, DIGEST JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS AND BIOSTRUCTURES, 7, 915, DOI:

The functions of bio-molecules depend on their structural fluctuations, which are thought to be 'slaved' (i.e. coupled) to those of nearby bulk water. Slaving was suggested to explain the universal pattern of propagation of mechanical excitations through concentrated water-containing solutions of polymers, such as the cytoplasm. To obtain a simplified model of this phenomenon, we propose to use a cellular automaton of water-based solutions. During iterations, the model computes the compactness of both the solvent and the solute (equivalent of their density), as the average number of neighbors of each class of particles. As a surrogate of slaving, we studied the temporal co-variation of these variables, using the Pearson correlation coefficient (S-av). We found that S-av depends in a biochemically-meaningful manner on the concentration of solute, on its hydrophatic character and on molecular flexibility. The simulations also show that S-av is robust to mild hypothermia. In conclusion, our cellular automaton is capable to generate a slaving-like behavior of solutes in water, as an emergent phenomenon occurring in dissolved molecular systems.

2553. Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering and Luminescence in Carbon Nanotube Nanostructures

Authors: Lefrant, S; Buisson, JP; Mevellec, JY; Massuyeau, F; Wery, J; Baibarac, M; Baltog, I

Published: 2012, MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS, 554, 118, DOI: 10.1080/15421406.2012.633816

In this paper, we present recent results obtained on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and carbon nanotube/conjugated polymer composites by using resonant Raman scattering and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). Besides the characterization of these materials, we report on peculiar properties observed in the anti-Stokes Raman branch of the Raman spectra. They consist in an abnormal anti-Stokes Raman emission which is explained by a mechanism reminiscent of a Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) emission. It results from a wave mixing process between the incident laser light and Stokes Raman light, generated by the SERS mechanism. In a parallel way, we have investigated in details the resonance effects which also induce anomalies in the anti-Stokes/Stokes intensity ratios, as a function of several parameters including the observation temperature, the environmental conditions, the dilution in solvents, etc. Studies extended to composites based on carbon nanotubes and conjugated polymers reveal also interesting properties. In the case of poly(bithiophene) (PBTh), one observes a strong amplification of the 1450 cm(-1) Raman line in the anti-Stokes branch, generated by the plasmon excitation of metallic tubes. This phenomenon occurs in several other conjugated polymers such as PEDOT and PPV for modes located around 1500 cm(-1). The role of metallic SWNTs is discussed. Finally, an anti-Stokes luminescence excited in the low energy tail of the absorption band of PPV and PPV/SWNTs composites has even been observed for the first time, explained through a phonon-energy up-conversion mechanism.

2554. ELECTRODEPOSITION AND ANODIZING OF ZnMn ALLOY SUBMICRON WIRES

Authors: Sima, M; Sima, M

Published: JUL-SEP 2012, DIGEST JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS AND BIOSTRUCTURES, 7, 882, DOI:

The study of the electrodeposition and anodic oxidation processes of ZnMn alloy submicron wires is reported; ZnMn wire arrays were electrodeposited using a pulse current technique and an aqueous solution containing 0.2 mol dm(-3) Zn(II)-EDTA + 0.2 mol dm(-3) MnSO4 + 0.6 mol dm(-3) sodium citrate. The obtained alloy was anodized at a current constant density, in a methoxyethanol solution containing sodium hydroxide and in an aqueous potassium zincate solution. Photoluminescence spectra and SEM images showed the presence of the oxide layer on the surface of the anodized ZnMn wires.

2555. Pizeoelectric epitaxial sol-gel Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O-3 film on Si(001)

Authors: Yin, S; Le Rhun, G; Defay, E; Vilquin, B; Niu, G; Robach, Y; Dragoi, C; Trupina, L; Pintilie, L

Published: 2012, 2012 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON APPLICATIONS OF FERROELECTRICS HELD JOINTLY WITH 11TH IEEE ECAPD AND IEEE PFM (ISAF/ECAPD/PFM), DOI:

Epitaxial Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O-3 (PZT) thin film has been successfully integrated on Si(001) substrate by sol-gel method. SrTiO3 (STO) layer deposited on Si by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) acts as a template layer in this study to avoid the formation of amorphous SiO2, and allows the chemical compatibility for further epitaxial growth. For bottom electrode, SrRuO3 (SRO) layer grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) on STO/Si was used. Epitaxial single crystalline growth of PZT film after Rapid Thermal Annealing (RTA) at 650 C was evidenced by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The following relationship in the heterostructure was deduced: [110] PZT (001) // [110] SRO (001) // [110] STO (001) // [100] Si (001). A clear piezoelectric response of the film was observed by Piezoresponse Force Microscope (PFM). Moreover, the structural STO quality was proved to have a major impact on the electrical properties of PZT films.

2556. COMPARATIVE SURVEY OF THE MOST USED SELF ADHESIVE DENTAL CEMENTS BASED ON RESIN COMPOSITES

Authors: Gatin, E; Matei, E; Pirvu, D; Galbinasu, B; Iordache, S

Published: JAN-MAR 2012, DIGEST JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS AND BIOSTRUCTURES, 7, 214, DOI:

The present study is dedicated to the investigation of self-adhesive cements, based on resin composites (RBC). Reported cases of dental restorations decays, are influenced by interface/surface quality and marginal adaptation to dentin and enamel. The influence is given by organic and inorganic (filler) phase as well. Regarding the organic phase, this is involved in bonding with dentin remains and enamel. Differences were noticed between the investigated materials; results from EDX patterns reveal major differences between inorganic phase (filler) in specimens and a non homogenous state for all samples. Results are confirmed by the mapping patterns. Low discontinuity areas for samples specimen were remarked for Biscem and RelyXU100 samples, then for MaxcemElite dental cement. Regarding mechanical properties, those are dramatically influenced by the filler. The major determination is given by the particles size and state of homogeneity for a given specimens composition. SEM results revealed a textured structure with a small filler particles size for RelyX U100 than other samples (less than, d - 1 mu m). A stirring method is recommended for all samples before application for an improved homogeneity.

2557. Manganese-based room temperature ferromagnetism in gallium arsenide

Authors: Vasilache, V; Apostol, NG; Lungu, GA; Macovei, D; Teodorescu, CM

Published: NOV-DEC 2012, OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS-RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, 6, DOI:

Manganese is deposited onto GaAs(001) substrates in high vacuum conditions (10(-7) hPa), with substrates held at 300 degrees C. It is shown that this procedure yields to the diffusion of magnanese into gallium arsenide and the formation of a layer which exhibits room temperature ferromagnetism, with highly diluted Mn (below 1 atomic percent). X-ray absorption fine structure determinations at the Mn and Ga K-edges evidenced that Mn is not placed into substitutional Ga sites in GaAs. Most probably, Mn forms MnO clusters with rocksalt local structure. These clusters are the origin of the detected ferromagnetism.

2558. ZnO Thin Films Deposited on Textile Material Substrates for Biomedical Applications ZnO Thin Films Deposited on Textiles

Authors: Duta, L; Popescu, AC; Dorcioman, G; Mihailescu, IN; Stan, GE; Zgura, I; Enculescu, I; Dumitrescu, I

Published: 2012, TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN SENSING AND DETECTION OF CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR THREATS AND ECOLOGICAL TERRORISM, 210, DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2488-4_20

We report on the coating with ZnO adherent thin films of cotton woven fabrics by Pulsed laser deposition technique in order to obtain innovative textile materials, presenting protective effects against UV radiations and antifungal action.

2559. BAND FERROMAGNETISM IN SYSTEMS WITH LINEAR DENSITY OF STATES

Authors: Lungu, GA; Apostol, NG; Morariu, M; Teodorescu, CM

Published: OCT-DEC 2012, DIGEST JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS AND BIOSTRUCTURES, 7, DOI:

The band (or Stoner) ferromagnetism in systems exhibiting a linear density of states, such as a graphene sheet, where the density of states g(e) is proportional to e, is investigated as function of temperature. The calculations are performed by neglecting spin-wave excitations and some arguments are presented for this approximation. It is found that the occurrence of ferromagnetism becomes easier at finite temperature than in the low temperature limit, especially for systems with low values of carrier density. An almost linear dependence of the magnetization on temperature is predicted; the temperature of vanishing magnetization is linear with the value of the equilibrium Fermi energy, irrespective of the value of the interaction (Hubbard) parameter. Also, for low values of the Hubbard energy an increase in the average value of the polarization with the temperature is predicted in the range of low temperatures. The most important application of such systems consists of control over the onset of magnetization by the charge density (the value of the Fermi energy).

2560. Judd-Ofelt analysis and laser investigations of Nd3+-doped Gd1-xScxCa4O(BO3)(3) single crystal

Authors: Gheorghe, L; Gheorghe, C

Published: MAR-APR 2012, OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS-RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, 6, 382, DOI:

Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal of Gd0.92Sc0.02Nd0.06Ca4O(BO3)(3) (Nd: GdScCOB) crystal has been grown by the Czochralski method. The high resolution and polarized spectroscopic data of Nd3+ in GdScCOB crystal were carried out and analyzed in the framework of the Judd - Ofelt theory. The polarized emission cross-sections for the F-4(3/2) -> (4)vertical bar(9/2) and F-4(3/2) -> (4)vertical bar(11/2) Nd3+ transitions of special interest for laser application were determined. Near-infrared laser emission at 1061 nm was achieved under cw Ti: sapphire end pumping at 812 nm. For propagation along the Z-axis, laser emission polarized parallel to the Y-axis was obtained. This result offers the opportunity to achieve type I SFD of Nd3+ emission in the ZX plane which presents a non-linearity approximately three times larger than XY plane.