National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

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5714 articles found

1361. Antimicrobial polycaprolactone/polyethylene glycol embedded lysozyme coatings of Ti implants for osteoblast functional properties in tissue engineering

Authors: Visan, A; Cristescu, R; Stefan, N; Miroiu, M; Nita, C; Socol, M; Florica, C; Rasoga, O; Zgura, I; Sima, LE; Chiritoiu, M; Chifiriuc, MC; Holban, AM; Mihailescu, IN; Socol, G

Published: SEP 30 2017, APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 417, 243, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.11.129

In this study, coatings based on lysozyme embedded into a matrix of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were fabricated by two different methods (Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation -MAPLE and Dip Coating) for obtaining antimicrobial coatings envisaged for long term medical applications. Coatings with different PEG: PCL compositions (3: 1; 1: 1; 1: 3) were synthesized in order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of lysozyme embedded into the polymeric matrix. The main surface features, such as roughness and wettability, with impact on the microbial adhesion as well as on the eukaryote cell function were measured. The obtained composite coatings exhibited a significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus strains. As well, specific blended coatings showed appropriate viability, good spreading and normal cell morphology of SaOs2 human osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These investigations highlight the suitability of biodegradable composites as implant coatings for decreasing the risk of bacterial contamination associated with prosthetic procedures. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

1362. MAPLE prepared heterostructures with oligoazomethine: Fullerene derivative mixed layer for photovoltaic applications

Authors: Stanculescu, A; Rasoga, O; Socol, M; Vacareanu, L; Grigoras, M; Socol, G; Stanculescu, F; Breazu, C; Matei, E; Preda, N; Girtan, M

Published: SEP 30 2017, APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 417, 195, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.03.053

Mixed layers of azomethine oligomers containing 2,5-diamino-3,4-dicyanothiophene as central unit and triphenylamine (LV5) or carbazol (LV4) at both ends as donor and fullerene derivative, [6,6]-phenylC61 butyric acid butyl ester ([C60] PCB-C4) as acceptor, have been prepared by Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) on glass/ITO and Si substrates. The effect of weight ratio between donor and acceptor (1: 1; 1: 2) and solvent type (chloroform, dimethylsulphoxide) on the optical (UV-vis transmission/absorption, photoluminescence) and morphological properties of LV4 (LV5): [C60] PCB-C4 mixed layers has been evidenced. Dark and under illumination I-V characteristics of the heterostructures realized with these mixed layers sandwiched between ITO and Al electrodes have revealed a solar cell behavior for the heterostructures prepared with both LV4 and LV5 using chloroform as matrix solvent. The solar cell structure realized with oligomer LV5, glass/ITO/LV5: [C60] PCB-C4 (1: 1) has shown the best parameters. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

1363. Characterization of PLD grown WO3 thin films for gas sensing

Authors: Boyadjiev, SI; Georgieva, V; Stefan, N; Stan, GE; Mihailescu, N; Visan, A; Mihailescu, IN; Besleaga, C; Szilagyi, IM

Published: SEP 30 2017, APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 417, 223, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.03.212

Tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) with the aim to be applied in gas sensors. The films were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and profilometry. To study the gas sensing behavior of these WO3 films, they were deposited on quartz resonators and the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method was applied to analyze their gas sensitivity. Synthesis of tetragonal-WO3 films starting from a target with predominantly monoclinic WO3 phase was observed. The films deposited at 300 degrees C presented a surface topology favorable for the sorption properties, consisting of a film matrix with protruding craters/cavities. QCM prototype sensors with such films were tested for NO2 sensing. The PLD grown WO3 thin films show good sensitivity and fast reaction at room temperature, even in as-deposited state. With the presented technology, the manufacturing of QCM gas sensors is simple, fast and cost-effective, and it is also suitable for energy-effective portable equipment for on-line monitoring of environmental changes. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

1364. Organic heterostructures deposited by MAPLE on AZO substrate

Authors: Socol, M; Preda, N; Stanculescu, A; Breazu, C; Florica, C; Stanculescu, F; Iftimie, S; Girtan, M; Popescu-Pelin, G; Socol, G

Published: SEP 30 2017, APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 417, 203, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.02.260

Organic heterostructures based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and fullerene (C60) as blends or multilayer were deposited on Al:ZnO (AZO) by Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) technique. The AZO layers were obtained by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) on glass substrate, the high quality of the films being reflected by the calculated figure of merit. The organic heterostructures were investigated from morphological, optical and electrical point of view by atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and current-voltage (I-V) measurements, respectively. The increase of the C60 content in the blend heterostructure has as result a high roughness. Compared with the multilayer heterostructure, those based on blends present an improvement in the electrical properties. Under illumination, the highest current value was recorded for the heterostructure based on the blend with the higher C60 amount. The obtained results showed that MAPLE is a useful technique for the deposition of the organic heterostructures on AZO as transparent conductor electrode. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

1365. Steplike Switching in Symmetric PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3/CoFeO4/PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 Heterostructures for Multistate Ferroelectric Memory

Authors: Boni, AG; Chirila, C; Pasuk, I; Negrea, R; Pintilie, I; Pintilie, L

Published: SEP 28 2017, PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED, 8, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.8.034035

A hysteresis loop with three polarization states is obtained in the case of a symmetric epitaxial ferroelectric-interlayer-ferroelectric structure with bottom and top SrRuO3 electrodes. The ferroelectric layers are of PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3, while the interlayer is CoFe2O4. It is shown that the three polarization states can be separately accessed, suggesting that this type of structure can be used as building element for a three-state nonvolatile ferroelectric random-access memory (FERAM). The presence of the three-state memory effect is explained through a simple phenomenological model based on Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory. The findings of this study can pave the way to multistate all-oxide FERAM devices, resulting in a 50% increase in the storage density compared to actual nonvolatile memories.

1366. Low-energy electron diffraction from ferroelectric surfaces: Dead layers and surface dipoles in clean Pb(Zr, Ti)O-3(001)

Authors: Teodorescu, CM; Pintilie, L; Apostol, NG; Costescu, RM; Lungu, GA; Hrib, L; Trupina, L; Tanase, LC; Bucur, IC; Bocirnea, AE

Published: SEP 19 2017, PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 96, 115438, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.96.115438

The positions of the low energy electron diffraction (LEED) spots from ferroelectric single crystal films depend on its polarization state, due to electric fields generated outside of the sample. Onemay derive the surface potential energy, yielding the depth where the mobile charge carriers compensating the depolarization field are located (delta). On ferroelectric Pb(Zr, Ti)O-3(001) samples, surface potential energies are between 6.7 and 10.6 eV, and d values are unusually low, in the range of 1.8 +/- 0.4 angstrom. When delta is introduced in the values of the band bending inside the ferroelectric, a considerably lower value of the dielectric constant and/or of the polarization near the surface than their bulk values is obtained, evidencing either that the intrinsic 'dielectric constant' of the material has this lower value or the existence of a 'dead layer' at the free surface of clean ferroelectric films. The inwards polarization of these films is explained in the framework of the present considerations by the formation of an electron sheet on the surface. Possible explanations are suggested for discrepancies between the values found for surface potential energies from LEED experiments and those derived from the transition between mirror electron microscopy and low energy electron microscopy.

1367. Crystallisation of bismuth germanate glasses below their glass transition temperature

Authors: Polosan, S

Published: SEP 15 2017, JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS, 472, 60, DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.07.010

Dielectric measurements of bismuth germanate oxides reveal significant changes in the amorphous phase, between 200 and 350 degrees C, where the crystallisation processes start below the glass transition temperature. The capacitive and loss measurements versus temperature and frequency suggest an incipient glass transition below 350 degrees C associated with an increase in the clusters, mainly those formed by GeO4 tetrahedra, responsible for the dipolar orientation effects. An increase in the capacitive parameter versus temperature at lower frequencies, especially over 250 degrees C has been associated with the increase in mobility of the clusters. The physical meaning of those processes has been associated with the formation of a highly viscous layer enriched in GeO4 which is formed during crystallisation. This layer acts as a diffusion barrier and hinders further crystal growth. A higher frequency is required in the crystallisation processes to compensate for the thermal disorder in the amorphous materials. The crystallisation process is identified by the decrease in the dielectric constant despite the increase in temperature.

1368. Easy batch-scale production of cobalt ferrite nanopowders by two-step milling: Structural and magnetic characterization

Authors: Galizia, P; Cernea, M; Mihalache, V; Diamandescu, L; Maizza, G; Galassi, C

Published: SEP 15 2017, MATERIALS & DESIGN, 130, 335, DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.05.062

Cobalt ferrite (CF) powder was synthesized by solid state reaction method at two different calcination temperatures (1120 K and 1320 K) then milled in two steps, gradually reducing the milling media size. The first milling step results in CF nanoparticles with crystallite size of 33 nm showing fairly high coercivity (3.7 kOe), > 5 times higher than the non-milled material (0.7 kOe). The high coercivity was correlated to the crystallite size close to the single-domain limit, and to the strain increase up to 2.1%. This value of strain is the highest ever reported in literature for the CF and brings to the highest figure of merit for permanent magnets, (BH)(max)= 2.16 MGOe. After the second milling step the powder displays particle size of 9 nm, release of strain (epsilon = 1.2%), coercivity reduction that approaches 250 Oe and decrease of the deblocking temperature from 421 K to 317 K. The large tunability obtained by multi-step milling allows to use CF in different applications. In particular, the milled CF powder characterized by high microstrain is a good candidate for the realization of rare-earth-free permanent magnets (at least on the basis of the (BH)(max) product). For the first time, a correlation between the spin-canting angle and the degree of inversion, the crystallite size and the microstrain is presented and discussed. [GRAPHICS] .

1369. Functional layered double hydroxides and their catalytic activity for 1,4-addition of n-octanol to 2-propenonitrile

Authors: Zavoianu, R; Pavel, OD; Cruceanu, A; Florea, M; Birjega, R

Published: SEP 15 2017, APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE, 146, 422, DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2017.06.030

This contribution concerns the catalytic activity of functional layered double hydroxides (LDHs) for 1,4-addition of n-octanol to 2-propenonitrile aiming to investigate the influence of the organic interlayer anion nature on their physico-chemical and catalytic performances. Two series of functional LDHs, e.g. Mg2.5Al, and Zn2.5Al respectively, were synthesized by co-precipitation at pH 9.5 using a metal nitrates M2+ (NO3)(2)center dot 6H(2)O (M2+ = Mg, Zn), Al(NO3)(3)center dot 9H(2)O solution, an organic acid sodium salt (e.g. sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDS), sodium laurate (NaL), or sodium stearate (NaS)) and NaOH solution for pH adjustment. XRD, DRIFTS and DR-UV-Vis-NIR characterizations indicated a better intercalation of DS in the interlayer region compared to L or S. The catalytic activity of these solids was related to both their organophilic character and basicity, Mg2.5Al-DS samples, which were more basic, showed a higher activity than Zn2.5Al-DS.

1370. Crystallization kinetics mechanism investigation of sol-gel-derived NaYF4:(Yb,Er) up-converting phosphors

Authors: Bartha, C; Secu, CE; Matei, E; Secu, M

Published: SEP 14 2017, CRYSTENGCOMM, 19, 5000, DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01265a

The crystallization mechanism of sol-gel-derived NaYF4:(Yb, Er) up-converting phosphors has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry analysis using both model-free and model fitting approaches. Structural and optical data have shown that the hexagonal NaYF4:(Yb, Er) phase crystallization process occurs at around 315 degrees C as a result of the thermal decomposition of the metal trifluoroacetates. As the annealing temperature increases, sphere-like microcrystals of about 1-2 mu m size (at 300 degrees C) break up into smaller ones (400-500 nm size) and finally collapse at higher temperatures (600 degrees C); the up-conversion luminescence signal intensity increases due to the crystallinity improvement and dehydration process. The crystallization process can be described as an autocatalytic-type reaction where the accompanying cubic NaYF4 phase played a catalytic role by reducing the energy barrier against the crystallization of the hexagonal NaYF4 phase, causing its fast self-accelerated crystallization. The energy resulting from the disintegration process of the initial NaYF4 microcrystals contributed to the growth and agglomeration processes and finally the collapse of the crystalline fragments with increasing temperature.