National Institute Of Materials Physics - Romania

Electrodeposition of manganese doped ZnO wires into polycarbonate membranes from an aqueous solution containing Zn(NO3)(2), Mn(NO3)(2) and lactic acid was investigated using linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The equivalent electrical circuits used for fitting experimental results were similar to those for characterization of metal/polymer coating systems. The precipitation of metal oxides in the pores of membrane used as template was observed at potentials between -0.9 and -1.15V/SCE. Morphology of the ZnO: Mn submicron wires arrays was observed by scanning electron microscopy and the Mn content of the obtained samples was measured by X-ray analysis. The submicron wires prepared at a potential of -1.1V/SCE have a composition expressed by the formula Zn0.97Mn0.03.

The quantitative structure - activity relationship in antidiabetic oral drugs has been analyzed on the basis of topological indices that allow to discriminate the structure of different molecules either small or large. The overall correlation structure - activity allows to find the best antidiabetic drugs and to predict the activity of new compound proposed as oral antidiabetic. The screened procedure based on topological indices prevents the expensive and long testing of a high number of compounds.

Fe@C) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using the laser pyrolysis method and variable nozzle geometries. At large nozzle diameters, XRD and SAED analysis clearly identified distinct alpha-Fe and Fe3C phases. TEM and HRTEM indicated that these Fe-based nanoparticles have an average grain size of 3.5-10.2 nm. Temperature dependent Mossbauer spectra further confirm their distinct nanophases. By using a multi-step reduction procedure, Fe@C powders can be disaggregated into stable, water soluble nanoparticles.

Highly oriented (001) AlN (wurtzite type) thin films have been successfully deposited on silicon, platinized silicon and glass substrates by reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering at low temperature (150 degrees C). X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic ellipsometry and scanning electron microscopy techniques have been employed to asses the structural characteristics of the AlN films. We have investigated both the influence of AlN film's thickness and of the substrate nature on crystallinity. The thicker films present a better c axis alignment, a minimum orientation dispersion of 3.5. being reached for 1 mu m AlN on silicon. The micro-and macrostrain of the AlN lattice relaxes as the film thickness increases. The film deposited onto platinum has the maximum value of tensile strain along c axis. The film on glass exhibited the poorest texturing and the highest defect concentration. From an optical point of view the film deposited on Pt is the denser one and that deposited on glass is the most rarefied. One can conclude that when using a low deposition temperature and a base pressure of similar to 10(-4) Pa the increase of film thickness leads to improved AlN structure on Si or Pt supports.

GeSiO nanosystems were obtained using two different preparation methods, sol-gel and magnetron-sputtering. Transmission electron microscopy measurements were performed to investigate the films structure. Amorphous and crystalline Ge dots embedded in amorphous silicon dioxide were observed. The Ge concentration in the GeSiO films was by Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

The bio-compatible magnetic nanoparticles of maghemite were prepared by a chemical co-precipitation method and dextran was selected as the surfactant to suspend them. By transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the iron oxide nanoparticles appeared nearly spherical with an average diameter of about 8.0 +/- 1 nm. SAED pattern of iron oxide nanoparticles is indexed by a cubic gamma-Fe(2)O(3), the diffraction rings are attributed to the (220), (311), (400), (422), (511) and (440) planes, respectively. Regular fringes are clearly observed in the nanoparticle with a spacing of 0.24 nm, whigh is the (311) interplanar distance of the cubic maghemite. This is in perfect agreement with the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results, indicating that the nanoparticles are well crystallyzed in spite of their ultrafine sized. The attachment of the dextran on the particle surface was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of maghemite nanoparticles covered by dextran with HepG2 cells was checked by MTT test. Cell viability was > 98% when the iron concentration was 12.0 mu g iron/ml and 24.0 mu g iron/ml respectively. In conclusion, these nanoparticles presented a good biocompatibility with HepG2 cells, which was proportionally with the dilution level.

This paper presents a study of two copolymers, maleic anhydride and methylmethacrilate/maleic anhydride and vinyl benzyl chloride, functionalised with polar chromophoric groups such as 2,4 dinitroaniline. Thin films have been prepared by vacuum evaporation and spin coating methods on silicon and glass substrates. UV-VIS, FTIR, XRD and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy have been used to comparatively investigate the effect of the preparation method on the properties of the thin films obtained with functionalized copolymer. SEM has evidenced differences in the morphologies of the layers suggesting a degradation of the polymeric chain during the evaporation process to fragments that conserve unchanged the chromophoric group. This explains the presence of two types of non-linear phenomena, the second harmonic emission and two-photon luminescence emissions for both vacuum evaporated and spin coated films.

Experimental demonstration of low power laser induced optical nonlinearities in two different types of specially designed materials: dye doped liquid crystals and copolymers with new pendant azobenzene moieties, is presented. Saturation of the nonlinear refractive index change is observed for some of the samples. The origin of the huge nonlinearity and its saturation in the continuous wave laser regime and at low power levels are analyzed.

Tl+-doped lithium fluoride crystals exhibit very interesting properties concerning the formation of colour centres after X-rays irradiation. The presence of Tl+ ions, even in small concentrations, increases the number of traps which stabilize the H-centre aggregates. These H-centre aggregates become smaller and their number increases, inducing two sets of trapping levels. Photoluminescence measurements after subsequent thermal bleaching of the thermoluminescence peaks show a faster decreasing of the F-3(+) centres, in three steps, compared with the F-2 ones. The F-H recombination processes may induce the excitation-emission transitions of Tl+-ions.

Sucrose is a natural osmolyte accumulated in cells of organisms as they adapt to environmental stress. In vitro sucrose increases protein stability and forces partially unfolded structures to refold. Thin films of sucrose (C12H22O11) were deposited on thin cut glass substrates by thermal evaporation technique (p similar to 10(-5) torr). Characteristics of thin films were putted into evidence by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis (TG/DTA). The experimental results confirm a uniform deposition of an adherent layer.